Introduction

Lactose intolerance is a common digestive disorder caused by the inability to digest lactose, the main sugar found in milk and dairy products. This happens due to a deficiency of lactase, an enzyme produced in the small intestine that is necessary to break down lactose. When lactose remains undigested, it causes gastrointestinal symptoms like bloating, diarrhoea, and gas.

Key Points on Lactose Intolerance

Causes:

• Lactase deficiency: The primary reason behind lactose intolerance is a reduced production of lactase, which can be influenced by genetics, age, or certain medical conditions.
• Genetic factors: Lactose intolerance is more common in certain ethnic groups, particularly those of East Asian, African, and Native American descent.

Types:

• Primary lactose intolerance: The most common type, where lactase production decreases with age.
• Secondary lactose intolerance: This type is usually temporary and can result from injury to the small intestine due to illnesses such as celiac disease or infections.
• Congenital or developmental lactose intolerance: A rare condition in which infants are born with little or no lactase activity.

Symptoms:

• Bloating
• Abdominal pain or cramps
• Diarrhoea
• Gas or flatulence
• Nausea

Diagnosis:

• Lactose tolerance test: Measures how your body reacts to a lactose-heavy drink by testing blood sugar levels.
• Hydrogen breath test: Measures the amount of hydrogen in your breath after consuming lactose. Higher hydrogen levels suggest lactose malabsorption.
• Stool acidity test: Commonly used for infants, this test checks for lactic acid in the stool, indicating undigested lactose.

Why to undertake a Lactose Intolerance Genetic Test

If you suffer from symptoms of Lactose Intolerance or have a family history, then this test is for you. Symptoms of lactose intolerance can range from mild to moderate.

It is important to note that symptoms can occur several hours after consuming lactose or even several days, depending on the severity of the intolerance and the amount of lactose consumed.

Our Genetic test for Lactose Intolerance is based on the analysis of genetic variations related to the body's ability to digest lactose. Through the identification of specific polymorphisms in genes such as LCT and MCM6, the test identifies the presence of genetic variants that are associated with reduced lactase enzyme production. This enzyme is responsible for breaking down lactose into glucose and galactose. Knowing genetic variants helps assess lactose digestibility and predict lactose intolerance. This information can be useful for personalizing diets and adopting adequate nutrition strategies, avoiding or limiting lactose consumption, to prevent digestive symptoms and improve quality of life. of subjects with lactose intolerance.

Management

• Dietary changes: Avoiding or reducing the intake of lactose-containing foods like milk, cheese, and yogurt.
• Lactase supplements: These over-the-counter tablets or drops can help break down lactose when consuming dairy products.
• Lactose-free alternatives: Many lactose-free milk, cheese, and other dairy products are available, or alternatives like almond, soy, or oat milk can be used.
• Probiotics: Some evidence suggests probiotics may improve digestion for some people with lactose intolerance.

Living with Lactose Intolerance

Many people can tolerate small amounts of lactose, so the condition doesn't necessarily mean eliminating all dairy from the diet.

Reading food labels is essential, as lactose can be present in processed foods like baked goods, sauces, and cereals.

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